Home Linux File Server with Software RAID and iSCSI (1/10)

Yays! Fun stuff in route!

Part of my 2018 goals is to be able to have a universally-accessible resource where I can be able to store all the data that I need to, and more, without worry of fault or loss. One of the ways to approach this is to create a File Server that I can mount from a majority of operating systems and be able to store anywhere in the world. So, I’ve come to the conclusion to build a Linux File Server, complete with a Software RAID5 (as opposed to a hardware RAID5), and make it so that we can use iSCSI to mount the LUNs.

We need to do this on a budget, too.

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SSL AWAY!

I finally got around to letsencrypt’s free SSL Certificate, as I might need it for future websites and I’d like to become familiar with it.

Before with my website I had to create a self-signed SSL certificate just to learn that. The only problem I had was with ssllabs and their “You get an A if you spend money…”, since my configuration was as tight as apache would allow me to make it.

So, I was able to get letsencrypt setup, my 90-day issued cert plugged in, and the renewal on a cron. It’s really easy if you follow the directions, of course.

And I’m okay with an SSLLabs rating of B, since i’m gonna blame Apache for not sending the full certificate chain that the PEM “seems” to contain. I just wanted my green bar and my https, and I got it.

I’m a happy guy today.,

WordLock… Easy to set, never forget.

So, I have one of these WordLock bicycle locks, and it was cool to learn how to set it up and change the combination.

The only problem is: I forgot what we set the combination to. #sadface

So, without further ado, to programming!

The Scenario:

Lets assume for a moment we know two things:

  1. We know there are 10,000 combinations, and that the combination that it is set to is a word in the english language.
  2. We have a good understanding of what the word might be if we saw it.

So, with those facts, we’ll need two things:

  1. A list of 4-letter words, which we’ll steal *cough* borrow from litscape.com
  2. Some programming that goes through every combination possible and compares it to the wordlist

So, the programming:

<?php

function make4($number)
{
        $num = intval($number);
        if (($num < 0) || ($num > 9999))
        {
                die("out of range");
        }
        $ret = "";

        if (strlen($num) == 4)
        {
                $ret = $num;
        }
        if (strlen($num) == 3)
        {
                $ret = "0${num}";
        }
        if (strlen($num) == 2)
        {
                $ret = "00${num}";
        }
        if (strlen($num) == 1)
        {
                $ret = "000${num}";
        }
        return $ret;
}

function combination($number)
{
        $letters = array(
                array('B', 'F', 'R', 'M', 'D', 'T', 'S', 'W', 'P', 'L'),
                array('Y', 'R', 'W', 'H', 'E', 'L', 'O', 'I', 'A', 'U'),
                array('S', 'N', 'T', 'M', 'R', 'E', 'L', 'A', 'O', 'K'),
                array('E', 'T', 'S', 'M', 'K', 'G', 'D', 'L', 'Y', 'P'),
        );
        $code = "";
        $combo = make4($number);
        for ($x = 0; $x < 4; $x++)
        {
                $digit = substr($combo, $x, 1);
                $letter = $letters[$x][$digit];
                $code .= $letter;
        }
        return $code;
}

$words = "";
include('words4.php');
$word = explode(' ', $words);
echo "Loaded " . count($word) . " words\n";

foreach ($word as $w)
{
        $possible = strtoupper($w);
        echo "Trying: $possible\n";
        for ($x = 0; $x < 10000; $x++)
        {
                $code = combination($x);
                if ($code == $possible)
                {
                        echo "Found: $possible\n";
                }
        }
}
?>

I’ve take the space-separated wordlist and saved it as an assignment to the $words variable in a separate file. vim doesn’t do justice with multi-lined non-carriage returned stuff, so I’m cool with that.

After executing the above, from a wordlist of 2404 items, i’m left with 732 possible items.

It is going to be a looooooooooooooooong day 🙁

BAAS, BAKE, BALD, BALE, BALK, BALL, BALM, BAND, BANE, BANG, BANK, BANS, BARD, BARE, BARK, BARM, BARS, BASE, BASK, BASS, BATS, BEAD, BEAK, BEAM, BEAT, BEEP, BEES, BEET, BELL, BELT, BEND, BENT, BERK, BERM, BEST, BETS, BIAS, BIKE, BILE, BILK, BILL, BIND, BINS, BIOS, BIRD, BITE, BITS, BITT, BLAT, BLED, BLOG, BLOT, BOAS, BOAT, BOLD, BOLL, BOLT, BOND, BONE, BONK, BONY, BOOK, BOOM, BOOS, BOOT, BORE, BOSS, BOTS, BRAD, BRAG, BRAS, BRAT, BRAY, BRED, BULK, BULL, BUMP, BUMS, BUNK, BUNS, BUNT, BUOY, BURL, BURP, BURS, BURY, BUSK, BUST, BUSY, BUTS, BUTT, BYES, BYTE, DAME, DAMP, DAMS, DANK, DARE, DARK, DART, DATE, DEAD, DEAL, DEED, DEEM, DEEP, DEES, DELE, DELL, DEME, DEMY, DENE, DENS, DENT, DENY, DERE, DERM, DESK, DIAL, DIED, DIES, DIET, DILL, DIME, DIMS, DINE, DING, DINS, DIRE, DIRT, DISK, DOES, DOLE, DOLL, DOLT, DOME, DONE, DONS, DOOM, DORK, DORM, DOSE, DOTE, DOTS, DOTY, DRAG, DRAM, DREG, DROP, DUAL, DUEL, DUES, DUET, DUKE, DULL, DULY, DUMP, DUNE, DUNG, DUNK, DUOS, DUSK, DUST, DUTY, DYED, DYES, DYNE, FAKE, FALL, FAME, FANG, FANS, FARE, FARM, FAST, FATE, FATS, FEAT, FEED, FEEL, FEES, FEET, FELL, FELT, FEND, FENS, FILE, FILL, FILM, FIND, FINE, FINK, FINS, FIRE, FIRM, FIRS, FIST, FITS, FLAG, FLAP, FLAT, FLAY, FLED, FLEE, FLOE, FLOG, FLOP, FOAL, FOAM, FOES, FOLD, FOLK, FOND, FONT, FOOD, FOOL, FOOT, FORE, FORK, FORM, FORT, FRAY, FREE, FRET, FROG, FROM, FUEL, FULL, FUME, FUMY, FUND, FUNK, FURS, FURY, FUSE, FUSS, LAKE, LAME, LAMP, LAND, LANE, LANK, LARD, LARK, LASS, LAST, LATE, LEAD, LEAK, LEAP, LEAS, LEEK, LEES, LEKS, LEND, LENS, LENT, LESS, LEST, LETS, LIED, LIES, LIKE, LILY, LIME, LIMP, LIMY, LINE, LINK, LINT, LIRE, LISP, LIST, LITE, LOAD, LOAM, LOLL, LONE, LONG, LOOK, LOOM, LOOP, LOOS, LOOT, LORD, LORE, LOSE, LOSS, LOST, LOTS, LULL, LUMP, LUNG, LURE, LURK, LUST, LUTE, LYRE, MAKE, MALE, MALL, MALT, MANE, MANS, MANY, MARE, MARK, MARL, MARS, MART, MASK, MASS, MAST, MATE, MATS, MATT, MEAD, MEAL, MEAT, MEEK, MEET, MELD, MELT, MEME, MEND, MENS, MERE, MESS, MILD, MILE, MILK, MILL, MILS, MIME, MIND, MINE, MINK, MINT, MIRE, MISS, MIST, MITE, MITT, MOAT, MOLD, MOLE, MOLT, MOMS, MONK, MOOD, MOOS, MOOT, MORE, MOSS, MOST, MULE, MULL, MUMS, MURK, MUSE, MUSK, MUST, MUTE, MUTT, PALE, PALL, PALM, PALS, PANE, PANG, PANS, PANT, PARE, PARK, PARS, PART, PASS, PAST, PATE, PATS, PEAK, PEAL, PEAS, PEAT, PEEK, PEEL, PEEP, PELT, PEND, PENS, PENT, PERK, PERM, PERT, PEST, PETS, PIED, PIES, PIKE, PILE, PILL, PIMP, PINE, PING, PINK, PINS, PINT, PITS, PITY, PLAY, PLED, PLOD, PLOP, PLOT, PLOY, POEM, POET, POKE, POKY, POLE, POLL, POMP, POND, PONY, POOL, POOP, PORE, PORK, PORT, POSE, POST, POSY, POTS, PRAM, PRAY, PREP, PREY, PROD, PROM, PROP, PROS, PUKE, PULL, PULP, PUMP, PUNK, PUNS, PUNT, PUNY, PURE, PUTS, PUTT, PYRE, RAKE, RAMP, RAMS, RAND, RANG, RANK, RANT, RARE, RASP, RATE, RATS, READ, REAK, REAL, REAM, REAP, REED, REEK, REEL, RELY, REND, RENT, REST, RHOS, RIAL, RIEL, RILE, RILL, RILY, RIME, RIMS, RIND, RING, RINK, RIOT, RISE, RISK, RITE, ROAD, ROAM, ROES, ROLE, ROLL, ROMP, ROOD, ROOK, ROOM, ROOT, ROSE, ROSY, ROTE, ROTS, RUED, RUES, RULE, RUMS, RUNE, RUNG, RUNS, RUNT, RUSE, RUST, RUTS, SAKE, SALE, SALT, SAME, SAND, SANE, SANG, SANK, SASS, SATE, SEAL, SEAM, SEAS, SEAT, SEED, SEEK, SEEM, SEEP, SEES, SELL, SEND, SENT, SERE, SETS, SHAM, SHED, SHOE, SHOP, SHOT, SILK, SILL, SILT, SINE, SING, SINK, SINS, SIRE, SIRS, SITE, SITS, SLAM, SLAP, SLAT, SLAY, SLED, SLOE, SLOG, SLOP, SLOT, SOAK, SOAP, SOLD, SOLE, SOME, SOMS, SONG, SONS, SOOT, SORE, SORT, SOTS, SUED, SUES, SUET, SULK, SUMP, SUMS, SUNG, SUNK, SUNS, SURE, SWAG, SWAM, SWAP, SWAT, SWAY, TAKE, TALE, TALK, TALL, TAME, TAMP, TAMS, TANK, TANS, TARE, TARP, TARS, TART, TASK, TEAK, TEAL, TEAM, TEAS, TEED, TEEM, TEES, TELL, TEND, TENS, TENT, TERM, TEST, THAT, THEE, THEM, THEY, TIED, TIES, TIKE, TILE, TILL, TILT, TIME, TINE, TING, TINS, TINT, TINY, TIRE, TOAD, TOED, TOES, TOLD, TOLL, TOME, TONE, TONG, TONS, TOOK, TOOL, TOOT, TORE, TORT, TOSS, TOTE, TOTS, TRAM, TRAP, TRAY, TREE, TREK, TROD, TROT, TROY, TUMS, TUNE, TUSK, TWOS, TYKE, WAKE, WALK, WALL, WAND, WANE, WANT, WARD, WARE, WARM, WARP, WARS, WART, WARY, WASP, WATT, WEAK, WEED, WEEK, WEEP, WELD, WELL, WELT, WEND, WENT, WERE, WEST, WETS, WHAM, WHAT, WHET, WHEY, WHOM, WHOP, WILD, WILE, WILL, WILT, WILY, WIMP, WIND, WINE, WING, WINK, WINS, WIRE, WIRY, WISE, WISP, WIST, WITS, WOAD, WOES, WOKE, WOKS, WONS, WONT, WOOD, WOOL, WOOS, WORD, WORE, WORK, WORM, WORT, WRAP, WYES

Edit:

For the sake of justice, none of the above words looked familiar.

I headed over to the wordlock FAQ and did the following:

I can’t open my lock. What combination does my lock open to?
Try of the following factory-set default combinations to open your lock: BOLT, SPELL, PACK, SHED, TREE, GYMS, WORDS.

Seems the factory default worked, which means I NEVER SET THE DAMN LOCK IN THE FIRST PLACE :/

Upgrades and good grades

What is now:

 15:39:17 up  5:27,  1 user,  load average: 0.01, 0.04, 0.01

Ah, the uptime. One of the things we aspire to make as large as possible, and love every minute of it.

I did do a reboot today due to a mass of updates that I’ve lacked to do for 250+ days. Regardless, it’s a fresh uptime, and i’ll go with that.

With all these mass updates included SSL attacks such as poodle and heartbleed. I don’t typically run my server on https for public facing stuff, but right now I do for specific URLs and all that is presented is a self-signed certificate. You can go ahead and try https://www.unliterate.net to get the typical browser warnings.

So, with all the updates ssllabs SSL Server Test has given me a “T” (or A-), which I’m pretty proud of after reconfiguring. Maybe I’ll end up buying that cheap SSL cert and going for broke.

What used to be:

I happened to get really curious and find out if some old websites and documents existed from when I was originally fumbling around computers myself. Lo and behold, yes, I found ’em.

RBIL / Ralf Browns Interrupt List (wikipedia, cmu)

The de-facto bread and butter of my machine language learning. For every piece of hardware that downloaded its ROM into RAM, or any software that made hooks into the IVT, this list was just awesome.

I can’t recall how I located it back in the day, but what I do remember is that I was excited to get the updates to it online. Back in the modem days i’d wait upwards to 5 minutes to download 1 of the zip files, and then maybe an entire minute to load one of the text files into Windows 95’s notepad.

This list also got me into direct port access programming. Some of the interrupts and combinations needed for RS232 programming seemed slow to me, especially when trying to go faster than 9600 baud, so I had to turn to a different reference to learn to actually drive the serial controller.

Beyond Logic (retired)

Craig Peacock wrote awesome manuals on how to talk to the RS232 controller (specifically the 8250 and 16450/16550 UARTS), and also the Parallel Ports as well. It wasn’t until I read his manual about the parallel ports that realized that the bidirectional capability had quite a faster transfer rate over the cable than serial. His manuals helped deepened my knowledge on “how things worked”, cause who wouldn’t wanna know how things worked.

PHG Opcode (phg.chat.ru)

From Ralf Browns INTERRUP.LSTs came OPCODE.LST, which was a separate list created and maintained by Alex Potemkin. This list itself, when read entirely, gives you so much in-depth knowledge on how a processor works. From Intel and AMD, to Cyrix, you got instruction times, bugs, incompatibilities, and more than the whole nine yards. It was from this that I understood that 0F A2 means “Identity Yourself!”

From my memory this actually used to be at www.chat.ru/~phg, but as times change URLs have to change.

In a nutshell:

It’s been 20+ years that I’ve been using a keyboard and digging into computer guts, both software and hardware. I’ve been in and out of technology-related occupations, stepped into many hats, and accomplished so much, and I feel good about it.

Sometimes it feels good to take a step back and wonder how you got there, cause all you see is the progress you’ve had and know there is more to accomplish.